New York: Growing Farm to School Capacity Across the State

How They Got Started

In 2018, then Governor Cuomo announced the No Student Goes Hungry initiative. The program contained a reimbursement incentive, known as the 30% Initiative, to support school meal programs in serving local foods, and designated $1.5 million in funding for farm to school grants. Simultaneously, there was growing momentum across the state to increase the number of farm to school programs. The New York adaptation team recognized this was an opportune time to bring a program like the Northeast Farm to School Institute to New York to provide professional learning opportunities to support food systems education and local food purchasing.

In 2018, the New York adaptation team sent several representatives and four New York school teams to attend the Northeast Farm to School Institute’s summer retreat. Members of the adaptation team shadowed and observed the Northeast model in action, and they followed the school teams and their coaches as they implemented their action plans throughout the year. In spring 2019, the adaptation team hosted a follow-up gathering with the four school teams to check in on their progress and determine what additional or state-specific professional learning they needed. Their feedback informed the development of an institute program that combined state-specific content with key elements of the Northeast Institute model.


Implementing the Core Components in New York

Adapting the NEFTSI model involves preserving the core components that make the model impactful and sustainable while modifying how they are implemented to fit the local context. Here are three key ways New York is adapting the NEFTSI model for their state.

A Commitment to Equity in Team Selection

From the beginning, the New York adaptation team made a commitment to intentionally infuse equity throughout their institute, starting with programming at the summer retreat and extending to curated workshops and resources throughout the year. They placed particular emphasis on equity in the team selection process. After participating in the Farm to School Institute Adaptation Program’s equity in practice series, FINYS Associate Ashlea Raemer led an effort to evaluate and update the application and application review process. 

The new application launched in January 2024. Updates included replacing many of the long-form questions with multiple choice questions and checklists that ask schools to select things such as their current farm to school activities. These changes leveled the playing field among applicants so as not to favor those with the best writers. Questions were also added about the infrastructure schools have in place to support long-term program sustainability, equity, and inclusion. With these changes, the New York adaptation team not only considers applicant outputs (e.g., number of activities taking place, percentage of local food procured), but also the processes they have in place, which helps to identify schools that have room to benefit from the institute’s support. 


To make the selection process more transparent, the adaptation team included a section on their FAQ webpage that outlines their priorities when selecting school teams. They also make space for applicants wanting to have a conversation to further discuss what they look for in a successful application.

Opportunities for Teams to Connect Beyond the Retreat

Following the COVID-19 pandemic and the adoption of necessary virtual accommodations, the New York adaptation team was inspired to maintain a hybrid institute program. The addition of virtual meetings made it possible to connect school teams more often without bringing them all to one place, which can be a challenge since New York is such a big state. It also made it more feasible for school teams to be matched with coaches who may live a little further away.

The adaptation team also created an end-of-year, in-person gathering in May for teams to share what they have accomplished and recognize one another’s successes. This gathering is also an opportunity for teams and coaches to get together one more time to assess their programs and where they are headed, and for teams to network with each other and solidify the bonds they formed during the year.


Stipends to Motivate Action Plan Implementation

The New York Farm to School Institute was one of the first programs to offer an implementation award. Teams are provided with $5,000 stipends to use toward implementing their action plans. Stipends are disbursed in two parts: one round of funds is granted after the retreat, and the second round is granted the following February after the mid-year meeting. This approach ensures that schools follow through on their commitment to complete the institute, while also meeting the school teams’ needs. Funds are flexible, and have been used for things such as purchasing hydroponic towers for classroom gardens, making school gardens more accessible to all students, developing outdoor classroom spaces, and creating marketing materials for their programs.

Teams work during a New York Farm to School Institute summer retreat. Photo: Farm to Institution New York State.


Statewide Impacts

Since 2019, the New York Farm to School Institute has helped advance farm to school efforts in the state in several key areas.

Local Food Purchasing

When New York’s institute started, schools were very focused on increasing local food procurement as part of the state’s 30% Initiative. To meet that need, the New York adaptation team worked closely with people and organizations involved in procurement, such as the New York State Education Department and the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets, and hosted workshops at the summer retreat on tracking and reporting requirements. Today, there are farm to school coordinators throughout the state who work with food service directors to complete the necessary paperwork to show they have met the 30% goal. This has allowed the institute to scale back its 30% Initiative programming and focus more on the bigger picture of farm to school, while continuing to support schools that need strategies for local purchasing (e.g., taste tests and Harvest of the Month).

Procurement is one part of farm to school, however, it’s not all of it. Having partnerships with farm to school coordinators has been really helpful for tackling procurement issues to allow schools to create space in their farm to school programs for community building and agricultural education in the classroom.
— Stephanie Hsu, FINYS

Establishing a Statewide Network

Prior to New York’s institute, the state did not have a centralized network of farm to school stakeholders. The New York adaptation team aspired to change that with the institute, bringing together state agencies, nonprofits, and others engaged in farm to school work so all schools that wanted to get involved could access the resources they needed. If a school team wants to focus on procurement, they can be matched with a coach who has experience in that area and be connected to service providers in Cornell’s Harvest NY Program. These statewide connections have proven valuable, even forging connections between schools. For example, institute schools spanning multiple cohorts have connected to share knowledge about local producers in the western region of the state. 

We have worked with schools in all sorts of communities, rural, suburban, and urban. The model of the farm to school institute program is really conducive to having all these different schools participating in the same program because it is so personalized.
— Ashlea Raemer, FINYS

Growing Farm to School Programs

Many of New York’s institute schools go on to apply for state and federal farm to school grants to make larger investments in their districts and communities. Windsor Central School District received a FY 2021 U.S. Department of Agriculture Farm to School Implementation Grant to create a mini-food hub and agricultural career and technical education courses. They also received a 2023 New York Farm to School Grant to increase the amount of state-grown farm products used in their school meal program and build up the capacity of their Land Lab to support agricultural education. Clyde-Savannah Central School District received a 2023 New York Farm to School Grant to cultivate relationships with farmers and product distributors and support development of a sustainable farming curriculum, including constructing a greenhouse for district-wide hands-on nutrition education.


Lessons Learned

  1. Place-Based Coaching: The New York adaptation team offered in-house coaching for school teams during their institute’s inaugural year. After that, the team shifted to a place-based coaching model, employing regional coaches who are familiar with their communities and can better serve schools from their area. To sustain this change, the team made the case to their funders, who provided additional funds to recruit regional coaches for the full school year and pay them a stipend.

  2. Be Open to the Successes of Others: The New York adaptation team decided to change the structure of its summer retreat based on Massachusetts’ institute, which was running a two-and-a-half day retreat. At the time, New York’s institute was three-and-a-half to four days long, and it packed in a lot of content during that time. Massachusetts was receiving great feedback from its participants on its retreat format, so the New York adaptation team decided to shorten their summer retreat to two-and-a-half days.

  3. Team Time is Paramount: School teams consistently reported that they did not have enough time to get to know each other and their coaches during the retreat. Going into their sixth institute, the New York adaptation team will be condensing and cutting back on full group sessions and workshops so more time can be devoted to team work and completing action plans. Additional programming and workshops can be held virtually throughout the year as the need and opportunity arise.

New York Farm to School Institute Overview

  • Year Established: 2019

  • Organizations Involved: Farm to Institution New York State (FINYS), a program led by American Farmland Trust, is the lead organizer of the New York Farm to School Institute. FINYS partners with organizations from around the state that contribute to the institute by serving as coaches, offering technical assistance, holding workshops, or leading learning journeys.

  • Institute Funding: The New York Farm to School Institute is primarily funded by private donors, including the NoVo Foundation, Joyce and Irving Goldman Family Foundation, and the Northeast Farm to School Collaborative.

  • Institute Status: New York launched its first year-long institute in August 2019 with an in-person retreat at Mabee Farms, near Albany, New York. Six schools participate in the institute each year. The institute has worked with 36 schools since 2019.

  • Students Impacted: Approximately 17,000 students (not counting New York City Department of Education’s Office of Food and Nutrition, which participated in the institute for two years)